Ginger Root Substitution

crystallized ginger (substitute 1/4 cup minced crystallized ginger for every tablespoon of minced fresh ginger called for in recipe. Rinse off sugar before using.) can be substituted for ginger root.

Garlic Juice Substitution

granulated garlic (1/4 teaspoon granulated garlic = 1/2 teaspoon garlic juice)
or
garlic powder (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic juice) can be substituted for garlic juice.

Granulated Garlic Substitution

garlic powder (1 teaspoon granulated garlic = 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder) can be substituted for granulated garlic.

Garlic Flake Substitution

garlic (1 clove of garlic = 1/2 teaspoon of garlic flakes)
or
garlic powder (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic flakes) can be substituted for garlic flakes.

Garlic Powder Substitution

fresh garlic (substitute 1 clove for every 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder)
or
garlic salt (substitute 4 teaspoons garlic salt for every teaspoon garlic powder, reduce salt by 3 teaspoons)
or
garlic juice (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic juice)
or
garlic flakes (1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1/2 teaspoon garlic flakes)
or granulated garlic (1/8 teaspoon [...]

Red Pepper Flake Substitution

cayenne pepper (use less)
or 
chili paste (use twice as much)
can be substituted for red pepper flakes.

Cayenne Pepper Substitution

red chile powder
or
paprika (milder)
or
red pepper flakes
can be substituted for cayenne pepper.